（ciep banj 2） swnjcienz caeuq hwng- fat vwnzva“Liuz Samcej”, dajcauh buek“binjbaiz” naj coh daengx guek baijok vwnzva Gvangjsih、 naj coh seiqgyaiq baijok vwnzva Cunghvaz, simhoengz dawz cietgingq minzcuz、hozdung minzsuz dajcauh baenz aen bingzdaiz vwnzva doxgyau doxgyaux, Ndwencieng、 “Sam Nyied Sam”、Donqngux、Bet Cibngux daengj ngoenzciet cienzdoengj baenz ngoenz Gvangjsih gak cuz doengzcaez angq gvaq, eu fwen、bau aendom、foux- faexsaux、foux aennyenz、haizgieg beij vaiq daengj sibsug cienzdoengj gaenq cienjbienq baenz gij hanghmoeg gak minzcuz caemh guh’angq.

Gvangjsih vanzlij gaemmaenh vwnzva byaraemx、vwnzva minzcuz、vwnzva saekhoengz、vwnzva haijyangz、vwnzva henzguek、vwnzva ndaejgyaeu daengj swhyenz maenhndei, “baengh vwnzva dajcauh lijyouz、baengh lijyouz baijok vwnzva”, gyavaiq doinyoengx hwnqguh“sam dieg song rangh it cungsim”couhdwg diegndei lijyouz gozci Gveilinz、rangh lijyouz fungcingz henzguek Cungguek Yeznanz、aen singz cungsim ranghdieg gozci lijyouz Nanzningz daengj, dajsuenq cauhguh aen dieg henhoh vwnzva swnghdai guekgya gaep baudaengz vwnzva aennyenz、vwnzva Bouxcuengh、vwnzva dwkbya Bwzbuvanh、 vwnzva Yauzcuz daengj, aeu gij vwnzva lai cungj lai yiengh、gak minzcuz doengz cauh caemh yungh de caiq gungganq suenranz cingsaenz caemh miz Cunghvaz Minzcuz, cuk maenh diuz sai cingsaenz gak minzcuz haujlai nanz doxdaeuj caemh sim doxyien fwngz、doxndei baenz ranz ndeu.

Gak Minzcuz Doxgiet Guh- doih, Daihgaiq Siucawz Swh- siengj Doxgek

Gvangjsih daj ciuhgeq doxdaeuj couh dwg ranghdieg miz haujlai minzcuz comzyouq, gak minzcuz seiz haeujdaeuj youq mbouj doxdoengz、daj gyawz daeuj hix mbouj doxlumj, danhseih geij cien bi doxgyaux doxrox doxyungz cauhbaenz le gij cienzdoengj vunzlai aekgvangq caemhyouq.

Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih laebaenz gvaqlaeng, Swcigih Dangj- veij、Cwngfuj laemxsim ciuqhengz caezcup gij minzcuz cwngcwz aen- dangj, hawj gak minzcuz cungj doxbingz, ok banhfap mizyungh siucawz minzcuz doxyawj mbouj hwnj、minzcuz doxgek, ok rengz haenq dwk byoengq gij gazhaengj gak minzcuz doxgyau doxrox doxgyaux, hwnqguh yiengh gvanhaeh minzcuz sevei cujyi couhdwg doxbingz doxgiet doxcoengh doxndei. Doengzseiz youq “sanh sen gensez”、gaijgwz hailangh daengj gak duenh lizsij ndawde, Gvangjsih daj gyaeuj daengz rieng cungj dingjmaenh guh “boux”aekgvangq bauyungz, angqcoux seiqgyaiq gak dieg gak cuz beixnuengx daeuj Gvangjsih、yungz- haeuj Gvangjsih.

Daj Cibbet Daih Aendangj dox- daeuj, Gvangjsih dingjmaenh youq mwh guh gunggeng duetgungz、guhhoengh lajmbanj caeuq hwnqguh hawsingz ndawde cungj ciuqhengz caezcup gyamaenh caeuq hwngfat minzcuz doxgiet. Senj dieg banggungz ndawde, “cabva”anbaiz ndei gak minzcuz, hawj 16.3852 fanh hoh 71.0218 fanh boux gungzhoj hwnj dangjan de ndaej an’gya; roengz rengz hung doigvangq gij vah saw guekgya doengyungh, “dawz hawsingz guh cungsim、dawz hagdangz guh giekdaej、dawz dangjcwng gihgvanh guh daeuz、dawz sinhvwnz meizdij guh buengj- yiengh、dawz gunghgung fuzvu hangz- nieb guh aencueng”, hawj daengx gih 24314 aen hagdangz cungj aeu gij vah saw doengyungh sonhag, bi 2020 daengx gih doi hawj vunzlai gangj Bujdunghva guhdaengz 85.68%, lai sang daengx guek 4.96%, lai gonq 5 bi guhdaengz aen moegbiu guekgya gvidingh.

Gvangjsih gwnzgwnz lajlaj cungj guhlaeg hong cauhguh minzcuz doxgiet baenaj, simhoengz fugsaeh guenjleix gij vunz okrog caeuq vunz minzcuz vunznoix, caiq gyavaiq gak minzcuz doxgyau doxrox doxgyaux, lai hawj gak minzcuz youq dieg doxcab、ginghci doxei doxbaengh、gwngwn daenjdaenj doxbang doxrex、aensim doxnem doxgyawj. Youq Gvangjsih, bingzciengz vunzlai doxraen mbouj miz geijlai boux cam“mwngz dwg maz minzcuz”, gijgyoengq baengzyoux、vunz ndawbiengz doxgyau、gwngwn daenjdaenj ndawde miz lai aen minzcuz, neix cungj bingzciengz lailai, gizgiz cungj miz“ranz cib boux、haj cuz sim doxcaemh”.

Ciuq“Daihcaet Baez Yinzgouj Bujcaz”, gij ranzvunz miz minzcuz mbouj doxdoengz de ciemq cungjsoq 42.5%, ndawde ranzvunz youz Boux- gun、 minzcuz vunznoix gyoebbaenz caeuq ranzvunz lai aen minzcuz vunznoix gyoebbaenz faenbied beij bi 2010 gyalai gyawj 30% caeuq 25%. “Minzcuz gvanhaeh”daj bi 1999 doxdaeuj dwg yiengh cijbyauh hawj Gvangjsih gak cuz ceiq habhoz, Gvangjsih gak minzcuz caen hengz caen guh raiz ok le “Cunghvaz Minzcuz caemh ranz ndeu”.

Ciuq Fap Guenj Saeh Minzcuz, Cidu Gagguenj Ranghdieg Minzcuz Maenhndei Yienhda

Youq gagguenj ranghdieg minz- cuz ndawde, Gvangjsih dingjmaenh dawz doengjit caeuq gagguenj doxgap. Laemxsim dingq riengz caeuq fugsaeh aen daihbuenz guekgya gaijgwz hwngfat onjdingh, roengz maenh giekdaej bauj faplwd caeuq cwngling duh guekgya saedhengz miz gienzvi caeuq mizyungh gonq, caiq bauj baih deihfueng gagguenj minzcuz ciuq faplwd hengz gienzgagguenj.

Seizneix Gvangjsih miz 35 gienh diuzlaeh danhengz swcigih、si、yienh sam gaep caeuq diuzlaeh gagguenj swciyen, cienzbouh ciuq fap guenj gak yiengh hongsaeh minzcuz, dazyinx gak minzcuz laeb maenh nyinhrox guekgya、gunghminz、fazci. Swcigih yinzda daibyauj caeuq swcigih cwng- hez veijyenz ndawde boux minzcuz vunznoix faenbied ciemq 42.3% caeuq 30%, neix bauj gak minzcuz miz gienz camgya caeuq doxyaeng cwngci.

Gvangjsih dingjmaenh dawz doenghyiengh minzcuz caeuq doengh- yiengh ranghdieg doxgap. Coinyoengx ranghdieg doxboiq hwngfat, doi- nyoengx gij hojnanz caeuq vwndiz daegbieg duh minzcuz vunznoix rox- naeuz ranghdieg minzcuz ndaej gaijgez. Gyawj 20 bi neix, Gvangjsih gonqlaeng ciuq gak ranghdieg cingz- gvang mbouj doxdoengz, hwnqguh le baenzroix gunghcwngz hungmbwk couhdwg comz hoenx ciengq hung hwnqguh gihcuj sezsih dieggaeuq gwzming Dungh(Dunghlanz) Bah (Bahmaj) Fung(Fungsanh), comz hoenx ciengq hung hwnqguh gungh- cwngz vunz caeuq doihduz gwn raemx ranghdieg byarin hung daengj, daegbied daj Cibbet Daih Aendangj gvaqlaeng, mbat ndeu dajsuenq doi- nyoengx ranghdieg henzhaij、henzdah、henzguek doxboiq hwngfat, simhoengz cauhguh aenbuenz moq ginghci ranghdieg“giyez daeuz daiqdoengh、ranghdieg cengjdaeux、daegsaek sienrongh、doxboiq hwngfat”, gaij- bienq gij yienghsiengq doengh dieg bya doekhenz doekgyae、dieggaeuq gwzming、dieg henzguek miz minzcuz vunznoix comzyouq.

Gvangjsih daj gyaeuj daengz rieng cungj dingjmaenh dawz hong minzcuz baenz hong daengx buenz daeuj maeuzveh dajsuenq, daj Cibbet Daih Aendangj doxdaeuj, cungj gaem- maenh diuz sienqmeh cukmaenh gij eiqsik caezcaemh Cunghvaz Minzcuz, ndawsim haem yiengh nyinhrox“youq ndaw swcigih, yienghyiengh hong cungj dwg hong minzcuz, bouxboux ganbu cungj dwg ganbu guh hong minzcuz”, hawj hong minzcuz caeuq hong gak bumwnz doxgap laeg- daeuq, hawj gij guhfap ok rengz hung gungganq caeuq yungh ndei ganbu minzcuz vunznoix caeuq yaekyinx caezcup hawj ganbu Bouxgun sim- hoengz guh hong minzcuz doxgap ndaetmaenh, haenqrengz gyaak gak cungj bonjsaeh, aeu gyoengq ganbu“uksingj rox daih doiq daih loek cingcuj、henhoh minzcuz doxgiet daegbied genqdingh、miz hoz caen gyaez gak cuz ginzcung dahraix”neix guh geu rengz hung, haicauh aenbuenz moq hong minzcuz, doinyoengx hong- saeh minzcuz doxgiet baenaj caeuq gak yiengh saehnieb aendangj dox- gap hwngfat, caen hawj yiengh cidu gagguenj ranghdieg minzcuz ndaej langh rengz ndei.

Henzguek Biengz Onj Bien Maenh, Ndawbiengz Huzndei Onjdingh, Swnghdai Vanzging Bienq Ndei

Gvangjsih gak cuz lwgminz miz gij cienzdoengj gyaez guek naekgwd laegdaeuq, daj ciuhgeq doxdaeuj couh miz yiengh nyinhrox maenhdingh couhdwg rox gij sawjmingh、diuzrap dawz maenh henzguek douguek、henhoh guekcoj doengjit. Ciuhgeq miz boux yinghyungz mehmbwk Vajsi Fuhyinz bae henzhaij baihdoenghnamz dingjhoenx caeggeq Yizbwnj、Fungz Swjcaiz daiq bingdoih dingjhoenx Fazgoz ciemqhaeuj daengj boux minzcuz yinghyungz dijndaej haenh- ndei hawj vunz gamjdoengh, duenh doxgyawj neix miz gak cuz lwgminz riengz bae coengh Yeznanz hoenx Fazgoz、coengh Yeznanz hoenx Meij- goz、hoenx Ciengq Gag Bauj Fanj Hoenx Yeznanz, simhoengz ndek ranz iq、vih guekgya haeujcoengh baihnaj hoenxciengq, Lingz Yangcenz、Luz Lanzginh ranz ndeu sam daih vunz dawz maenh aen gozfangz minzbingh sausoj 40 bi daengj gak cungj gojgaeq maenhndei dawz guek bauj ranz.

Vih gaijgez gij vwndiz haenq ranghdieg henzguek ginghci ndaw- biengz hwngfat doeklaeng、vunz henzguek youh dawz bien youh gungzhoj, Gvangjsih bi 2000 hainduj guh hengzdoengh hwng bien fouq minz, gonqlaeng 4 baez gyonjcomz rengzvunz、doxgaiq、cienzcaiz hoenx ciengq hung hwnqguh ranghdieg henzguek, hawj gij diuzgen guhgwn guhdaenj ranghdieg henzguek caen ndaej bienq ndei, doinyoengx rengzrwd hawj vunz dieg henzguek maij guh maij youq、dinghsim dawz bien. Daj Cibbet Daih Aendangj doxdaeuj, Gvangjsih doinyoengx aen hengzdoengh hwng bien fouq minz guh haeujlaeg bae, gyarengz hwnqguh gij sezsih ancienz caeuq dijhi fuengz- gaemh ranghdieg henzguek, youq lajmbanj ranghdieg henzguek guh aen hengzdoengh gihcwngz dangjgen“hawj giek maenh hawj bien onj”caeuq“dieg henzguek geizdangj nding”, sim- hoengz dajcauh“ranghdieg raez baenz buengjyiengh minzcuz doxgiet baenaj henzguek”, youq daengx guek ceiq gonq dajcauh aen binjbaiz son’gyauq gyaez guek cujyi“geizguek gungh- cwngz”, 1513 giz（cunh、segih、gai）“geizguek gunghcwngz”miz doh dieg ceiq naj henzmboek henzhaij henz- guek, baenz le rangh gingjsaek raezrangh ndeiyawj seizdaih moq Gvangjsih gak cuz lwgminz gyaez guek dawz henz.

Haujlai nanz doxdaeuj, Gvangj- sih simhoengz rap dawz“cwzyin saekheu”, daj Cibbet Daih Aendangj doxdaeuj engqgya geiqmaenh cungj- suhgi daengq naeuz“Gvangjsih swnghdai maenhndei dij gvaq gim raeuh”, laeb maenh yiengh nyinhrox“raemx saw bya heu cij dwg gimngaenz baenzbya”, ceiq gonq youq daengx guek dingh hwnqguh“aen dieg guhyiengh swnghdai vwnzmingz”, simhoengz cauhlaeb aenbuenz swngh- dai ancienz“it dangj haj dieg it rangh raez”couhdwg rangh cwdangj swngh- dai baihsaebaek Gvangjsih、dieg gunghnwngz swnghdai Byahung Cw（Dingj） Mbwn、ranghdieg saekheu raez cien leix Dahsihgyangh daengj, gyarengz cunghab cingj ndei rangh dah youqgaenj caeuq vanzging laj- mbanj, seizneix mboujdan byaraemx Gveilinz“gaiqbauj daengx Cungguek、daengx seiqgyaiq”neix lai gyaeundei, vanzlij miz Gvangjsih daengxaen swnghdai vanzging laebdaeb bauj ndei, doenghgo doenghduz onjyamq gya miz lai cungj lai yiengh. Bi 2020 Gvangjsih 97.7% dwg ngoenz hoeng- heiq maenhndei, 96.2% raemx gwnz namh dwg raemx maenhndei, gij hongbaenz hen maenh namh dieg- byarin、doenghgo swnghdai cizlieng caeuq swnghdai bienq ndei youq daengx guek cungj baiz daih’it, vih ranghdieg baihnamz guekcoj cuk hwnq rangh cwdangj swnghdai ancienz.